Urban systems integration

How to map dependencies between urban systems

A dependency map starts with a service, identifies what it needs to operate, and then traces second-order dependencies.

Editorial review: August 12, 2026 · Caleb M. Ormsby

Start with the service

For example, a transit trip needs a vehicle, route, operator, usable street or track, energy and often communications.

Separate direct and indirect dependencies

A pump may directly need electricity while indirectly depending on road access for maintenance.

Look for shared dependencies

Power, telecommunications and road access support many other services.

The map reveals concentration

A single shared dependency can explain why apparently unrelated services fail together.

Scope boundary. This page explains system relationships at a planning level. Real utility, transportation, emergency, structural, electrical, cybersecurity and public-safety decisions require local agencies and qualified professionals.